DOG BREED TRAITS

What breed of dog do you have? If you have a purebred, this is an easy question to answer. If your dog’s heritage is unknown - maybe your dog was from a shelter or rescue, or originally a stray - you might find that question a little harder. But you probably have a good guess based on your dog’s looks and behaviour.


Do you know why your dog’s breed was created? This is a harder question. If this leaves you scratching your head, it’s time to do some research into the history of your dog’s breed: knowing what your dog’s ancestors were bred to do can give you insight into your dog’s personality and behaviour.

Different dog breeds were created by selectively breeding for specific traits in order to develop dogs who can do different tasks in order to help humans. Some traits are physical (such as long legs, muscular bodies, or shorter skulls) and some are to do with temperament or behaviour (such as a determined nature or a love of water).

Dogs traditionally bred to do a task such as pulling carts or herding livestock are commonly called ‘working breeds’. Other breeds were chosen for specific aesthetic features or bred for companionship (yes, being a lapdog is a specific purpose!). Your dog’s breed can’t explain everything your dog does because every dog is an individual shaped both by their genes and their experiences, but it can give great insight into his/her personality and behavioural traits.

Of course, their genetic inheritance also predisposes dogs to behaviour that is not welcome in modern life, now that most of us don’t live on working farms or need to ride carts.

Some breed-specific behaviours:

🐕 Huskies and other sledding dogs tend to pull strongly on lead

🐕 Herding breeds such as collies and kelpies often chase cars, bicycles and joggers

🐕 Many Labradors enjoy paddling all the water out of their water bowls

🐕 Smaller terriers often enjoy digging holes and burrowing in the garden

🐕 Breeds of terriers and mastiffs developed for bull-baiting or dog fighting tend to be less tolerant of unfamiliar dogs

Knowing this certainly goes some way to explain why our dogs act the way they do – we selected their ancestors specifically to be good at these things!

Luckily, you can use this knowledge to your advantage.

Identifying breed-specific traits in your dog can help you satisfy your dog’s needs in ways they find fulfilling, and thus prevent unwanted behaviours at home. If you own a Siberian Husky or Alaskan Malamute, a dog originally bred to pull sleds – well, you may enjoy taking your dog sledding! If you don’t live near snow, there are other sports that involve your dog pulling – including canicross (your dog pulls you as you run or jog) or bikejoring (your dog pulls you on a bike).

Dogs whose original purpose was to herd livestock, such as border collies, shepherds, corgis and Australian kelpies often enjoy chase games with other dogs due to their natural instincts to herd. (Just make sure their playmates also enjoy these kinds of games!) Games like Frisbee, fetch and flyball are another safe way to fulfil their desire to control movement.

words by: Ellen Mok